February 2007 Archives

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There have been many great discoveries over the past few centuries. Some of the most scientifically interesting discoveries came from the world of genetics. Our technology gets better and better and it is all due in part to the hard working scientists who have devoted their life to finding out more and more about living things and what they are made of. Here is a time line of some key findings.

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The important process called genetic counseling is when either patients or relatives who are at risk to pass on an inherited disorder sit down with a counselor and they explain what the risks are and what complications could arise. If you are thinking about having a baby ask your OBGYN to recommend a Genetic Counselor, make an appointment and discuss what the possibilities are and after giving them a family history they be able to tell you any genetic defects may be present.

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Adrenoleukodystrophy is a disorder that results in damage to the myelin sheath surrounding the nerve cells of the brain. Myelin sheaths are required for the effective travel of impulses through the nerves, thus their degradation prevents impulses being conducted, leading to increasing disability of a person. The condition is characterized by increased levels of saturated, very long chain fatty acids in the brain. The accumulation of these fatty acids occurs due to a deficiency in the enzyme that is required to break them down. As the most common form of adrenoleukodystrophy is a disorder of the X chromosome, it is more likely to affects males than females.

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The Mitochondrial genetics consist of genetics of DNA that are found in mitochondria, eukaryotic cell organelles. The DNA is not transferred through nuclear DNA but in most multicellur organisms and all mitochondria are inherited from the mother’s ovum. Mitochondrial inheritance is not a Mendelian Theory, Mendel’s theory is called Mendelian inheritance is just half of the genetic material found in a zygote and it comes from each parent.

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