Genetics Publications
News and Extracts from the latest Genetics Publications
October 11, 2008
Disability and genetics in the era of genomic medicine.
Publication Date: 2008 Oct PMID: 18762801
Authors: Scully, J. L.
Journal: Nat Rev Genet
Genomic medicine offers a growing number of methods to diagnose, cure or prevent disability. Although many disabled people welcome these advances, others have reservations about the impact of genetic knowledge on disabled people's lives, arguing that genetic science might exacerbate the deep ambivalence that society as a whole has towards physical difference and anomaly. It is also possible, however, that being able to specify the genetic bases of disability, and distinguish them from other causative factors, will contribute to a fuller understanding of disability and a better response to disabled people.
MeSH Categories: Disabled Persons/*psychology, Eugenics/methods/trends, Genetic Diseases, Inborn/*diagnosis/*genetics/psychology, Genetics, Medical/ethics/trends, Genome, Human, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Medicine/*trends, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/trends, Prejudice, Prenatal Diagnosis/*psychology
post to: CiteULike
Authors: Scully, J. L.
Journal: Nat Rev Genet
Genomic medicine offers a growing number of methods to diagnose, cure or prevent disability. Although many disabled people welcome these advances, others have reservations about the impact of genetic knowledge on disabled people's lives, arguing that genetic science might exacerbate the deep ambivalence that society as a whole has towards physical difference and anomaly. It is also possible, however, that being able to specify the genetic bases of disability, and distinguish them from other causative factors, will contribute to a fuller understanding of disability and a better response to disabled people.
MeSH Categories: Disabled Persons/*psychology, Eugenics/methods/trends, Genetic Diseases, Inborn/*diagnosis/*genetics/psychology, Genetics, Medical/ethics/trends, Genome, Human, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Medicine/*trends, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/trends, Prejudice, Prenatal Diagnosis/*psychology
post to: CiteULike
Filed under Genetics Publications by Nature Reviews Genetics
Publication Date: 2008 Oct PMID: 18781156
Authors: Kutzler, M. A. - Weiner, D. B.
Journal: Nat Rev Genet
Since the discovery, over a decade and a half ago, that genetically engineered DNA can be delivered in vaccine form and elicit an immune response, there has been much progress in understanding the basic biology of this platform. A large amount of data has been generated in preclinical model systems, and more sustained cellular responses and more consistent antibody responses are being observed in the clinic. Four DNA vaccine products have recently been approved, all in the area of veterinary medicine. These results suggest a productive future for this technology as more optimized constructs, better trial designs and improved platforms are being brought into the clinic.
MeSH Categories: Animal Diseases/therapy, Animals, Clinical Trials as Topic/*trends/veterinary, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/trends, Humans, Immunity/physiology, Immunotherapy/trends/veterinary, Models, Biological, Vaccines, DNA/adverse effects/*therapeutic use
post to: CiteULike
Authors: Kutzler, M. A. - Weiner, D. B.
Journal: Nat Rev Genet
Since the discovery, over a decade and a half ago, that genetically engineered DNA can be delivered in vaccine form and elicit an immune response, there has been much progress in understanding the basic biology of this platform. A large amount of data has been generated in preclinical model systems, and more sustained cellular responses and more consistent antibody responses are being observed in the clinic. Four DNA vaccine products have recently been approved, all in the area of veterinary medicine. These results suggest a productive future for this technology as more optimized constructs, better trial designs and improved platforms are being brought into the clinic.
MeSH Categories: Animal Diseases/therapy, Animals, Clinical Trials as Topic/*trends/veterinary, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/trends, Humans, Immunity/physiology, Immunotherapy/trends/veterinary, Models, Biological, Vaccines, DNA/adverse effects/*therapeutic use
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Filed under Genetics Publications by Nature Reviews Genetics
Publication Date: 2008 Oct PMID: 18781158
Authors: Yekta, S. - Tabin, C. J. - Bartel, D. P.
Journal: Nat Rev Genet
Homeobox (Hox) transcription factors confer anterior-posterior (AP) axial coordinates to vertebrate embryos. Hox genes are found in clusters that also contain genes for microRNAs (miRNAs). Our analysis of predicted miRNA targets indicates that Hox cluster-embedded miRNAs preferentially target Hox mRNAs. Moreover, the presumed Hox target genes are predominantly situated on the 3' side of each Hox miRNA locus. These results suggest that Hox miRNAs help repress more anterior programmes, thereby reinforcing posterior prevalence, which is the hierarchical dominance of posterior over anterior Hox gene function that is observed in bilaterians. In this way, miRNA-mediated regulation seems to recapitulate interactions at other levels of gene expression, some more ancestral, within a network under stabilizing selection.
MeSH Categories: Animals, Body Patterning/*genetics, Chromosome Mapping, *Gene Regulatory Networks, Homeodomain Proteins/*physiology, Humans, Linkage (Genetics), MicroRNAs/*genetics, Models, Biological, Tissue Distribution/genetics
post to: CiteULike
Authors: Yekta, S. - Tabin, C. J. - Bartel, D. P.
Journal: Nat Rev Genet
Homeobox (Hox) transcription factors confer anterior-posterior (AP) axial coordinates to vertebrate embryos. Hox genes are found in clusters that also contain genes for microRNAs (miRNAs). Our analysis of predicted miRNA targets indicates that Hox cluster-embedded miRNAs preferentially target Hox mRNAs. Moreover, the presumed Hox target genes are predominantly situated on the 3' side of each Hox miRNA locus. These results suggest that Hox miRNAs help repress more anterior programmes, thereby reinforcing posterior prevalence, which is the hierarchical dominance of posterior over anterior Hox gene function that is observed in bilaterians. In this way, miRNA-mediated regulation seems to recapitulate interactions at other levels of gene expression, some more ancestral, within a network under stabilizing selection.
MeSH Categories: Animals, Body Patterning/*genetics, Chromosome Mapping, *Gene Regulatory Networks, Homeodomain Proteins/*physiology, Humans, Linkage (Genetics), MicroRNAs/*genetics, Models, Biological, Tissue Distribution/genetics
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Filed under Genetics Publications by Nature Reviews Genetics
Publication Date: 2008 Oct PMID: 18781157
Authors: Gondo, Y.
Journal: Nat Rev Genet
The primary goal of mouse mutagenesis programmes is to develop a fundamental research infrastructure for mammalian functional genomics and to produce human disease models. Many large-scale programmes have been ongoing since 1997; these culminated in the International Knockout Mouse Consortium (IKMC) in 2007 with the aim to establish knockout and conditional mouse strains for all mouse genes. This article traces the origins and rationale of these large-scale mouse mutagenesis programmes.
MeSH Categories: Animals, Databases, Genetic, Disease Models, Animal, Ethylnitrosourea, Genomics/methods/*trends, Mice/*genetics, Mice, Transgenic, Models, Biological, Mutagenesis/*physiology, Neoplasms/chemically induced/genetics
post to: CiteULike
Authors: Gondo, Y.
Journal: Nat Rev Genet
The primary goal of mouse mutagenesis programmes is to develop a fundamental research infrastructure for mammalian functional genomics and to produce human disease models. Many large-scale programmes have been ongoing since 1997; these culminated in the International Knockout Mouse Consortium (IKMC) in 2007 with the aim to establish knockout and conditional mouse strains for all mouse genes. This article traces the origins and rationale of these large-scale mouse mutagenesis programmes.
MeSH Categories: Animals, Databases, Genetic, Disease Models, Animal, Ethylnitrosourea, Genomics/methods/*trends, Mice/*genetics, Mice, Transgenic, Models, Biological, Mutagenesis/*physiology, Neoplasms/chemically induced/genetics
post to: CiteULike
Filed under Genetics Publications by Nature Reviews Genetics